Arpajon était le centre d'une région maraîchère de grande importance. Des quantités de marchandises, fraiches étaient destinées à l'approvisionnement de Paris. Les trains de denrées maraîchères fonctionnait de une heure à quatre heures du matin, pour alimenter les halles centrales de Paris.
Avant le train, ces denrées étaient acheminées la nuit vers Paris sur des charrettes tractées par des chevaux.
Le chemin de fer de Paris à Arpajon fut en service de 1894 à 1936. En 1881, l'ingénieur Henri Vieillard présenta une demande en concession d'une ligne de tramways à traction mécanique destinée au transport des voyageurs et des marchandises entre Paris et Arpajon. Une société fut créée en février 1889 : la Compagnie du chemin de fer sur route de Paris à Arpajon. L'inauguration eut lieu le 10 mai 1894.
La voie ferrée suivait la route nationale 20 sur la plus grande partie de son trajet mais s'en écartait à plusieurs reprises, notamment pour desservir Wissous, Morangis, Sceaux-les-Chartreux et Leuville.
L'exploitation de cette ligne de 37 kilomètres s'est faite en plusieurs étapes. En avril 1893, ouverture du 1er tronçon entre Paris porte d'Orléans et Antony et ira de Odéon à Arpajon vers 1985. Une partie de la ligne fut électrifiée et des machines à air comprimée furent aussi utilisées. Après la guerre de 1914-1918, le développement progressif du transport des marchandises par camion sonna le glas de l'exploitation de l'Arpajonnais. En 1935, la Compagnie fut mise en liquidation financière. Entre temps, la STCRP (ancêtre de la RATP) continua un peu l'exploitation jusqu'en octobre 1936, date à laquelle fut mis fin l'exploitation du chemin de fer d'Arpajon.
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